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Related Experiment Videos

Ulnar nerve strains at the elbow

E B Toby1, D Hanesworth

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160, USA.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|December 16, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Maximum strain on the ulnar nerve (a nerve in the arm) occurs at full elbow flexion. This finding suggests that cubital tunnel syndrome may be caused by nerve traction.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • The ulnar nerve is susceptible to injury around the elbow.
  • Cubital tunnel syndrome is a common nerve entrapment, potentially linked to nerve tension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify strain on the ulnar nerve at various elbow flexion angles and anatomical locations.
  • To investigate the relationship between ulnar nerve strain and cubital tunnel syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Strain measurements were obtained from the ulnar nerve in 20 unembalmed cadavers.
  • A microstrain gauge was implanted into the nerve via a superficial incision.
  • Measurements were taken at 5 positions around the elbow and at varying degrees of flexion.

Main Results:

  • Maximum ulnar nerve strain occurred at maximum elbow flexion, particularly behind the medial epicondyle.
  • Significant strain (0%–14%) was observed, with 25% of nerves exceeding 10% strain at maximal flexion.
  • Strain decreased with lesser flexion angles and at positions proximal or distal to the medial epicondyle.

Conclusions:

  • Ulnar nerve strain is highest at maximal elbow flexion.
  • Traction neuropathy may be a contributing factor to cubital tunnel syndrome.
  • Understanding nerve strain mechanics is crucial for managing elbow neuropathies.

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