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Related Experiment Videos

Attention, self-regulation and consciousness

M I Posner1, M K Rothbart

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA. mposner@oregon.uoregon.edu

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|December 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Executive attention, crucial for self-control, develops early in life to manage distress and later aids cognitive control. This research traces the development of these vital attentional networks.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Consciousness involves awareness, volition, and a sense of self.
  • Focal (executive) attention is key to controlling awareness and volition.
  • Executive attention networks are implicated in voluntary control, error correction, and emotional regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To trace the development of executive attention networks.
  • To understand the neural basis of attentional development.
  • To link neuroimaging findings with behavioral and emotional regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized marker tasks known to activate specific brain areas.
  • Employed neuroimaging studies to observe brain activity.
  • Correlated brain activation with performance on cognitive tasks and parental reports.

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Main Results:

  • Executive attention initially develops to regulate distress in infancy.
  • Later childhood development shows enhanced ability to manage conflicting stimuli, building on cingulate anatomy.
  • Cingulate activation in childhood correlates with success in conflict tasks and better self-regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Early development of executive attention networks begins with distress regulation.
  • Cognitive control develops in later childhood, supported by evolving cingulate structures.
  • Understanding the development of executive attention networks is crucial for regulating cognition and emotion.