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Resorbable calcium phosphate bone substitute

D Knaack1, M E Goad, M Aiolova

  • 1ETEX Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|December 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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A new, fully resorbable apatitic calcium phosphate bone substitute (ABS) shows comparable bone formation to autografts. This injectable bone substitute is over 99% resorbed within 26 weeks, promoting excellent bone regeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Developing fully resorbable bone substitutes is crucial for bone defect repair.
  • Apatitic calcium phosphate bone substitute (ABS) offers potential as a bone graft alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo properties of a novel, fully resorbable apatitic calcium phosphate bone substitute (ABS).
  • To compare the bone formation and resorption characteristics of ABS with autologous bone grafts in a canine model.

Main Methods:

  • ABS was prepared as an injectable paste that hardens at 37°C into poorly crystalline apatitic calcium phosphate (PCA).
  • In vivo stability was assessed using FTIR and XRD on rabbit intramuscular implants.
  • Bone formation and resorption were evaluated in a canine femoral slot defect model, comparing ABS to autografts over 52 weeks.

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Main Results:

  • The PCA reaction product demonstrated in vivo stability.
  • New bone formation in ABS-filled defects was comparable to autograft-filled defects, with trabecular bone filling defects within 3-4 weeks and lamellar/cortical bone established by 12 weeks.
  • ABS was over 99% resorbed within 26 weeks, with minimal residual material.

Conclusions:

  • The novel apatitic calcium phosphate bone substitute (ABS) is stable in vivo and promotes bone regeneration comparable to autografts.
  • ABS is effectively resorbed and replaced by new bone, indicating its potential as a viable bone graft substitute.