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Shigella and the fluorinated quinolones

M Ballal1, Baby, A Chandran

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal.

Insights

Shigella bacteria were identified in 5.46% of stool samples from patients with acute diarrhea. Some Shigella strains exhibited resistance to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones, but this resistance was not transferable.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute diarrhea, dysentery, and colitis are significant public health concerns.
  • Shigella species are common causative agents of bacterial dysentery worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of Shigella in patients with acute gastrointestinal infections.
  • To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated Shigella strains, particularly to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 531 stool samples from patients admitted to Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal, between July 1996 and June 1997.
  • Isolation and identification of Shigella species using standard microbiological techniques.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, including resistance to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin).
  • In vitro 'R' factor transfer studies to assess the transmissibility of resistance.

Main Results:

  • Shigella was isolated from 29 samples (5.46%).
  • Shigella flexneri was the predominant species (55.17%), followed by Shigella boydii (27.58%), Shigella dysentriae (10.34%), and Shigella sonnei (6.89%).
  • Six strains (five Shigella flexneri, one Shigella dysentriae) showed resistance to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones.
  • In vitro studies indicated that the observed antimicrobial resistance was not transferable.

Conclusions:

  • Shigella is an important cause of acute diarrheal diseases in the region studied.
  • Emergence of resistance to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones in Shigella strains is a concern.
  • The non-transferable nature of this resistance suggests chromosomal rather than plasmid-mediated mechanisms.

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