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Hepatitis A in urban Ireland
E Rajan1, B O'Farrell, A G Shattock
1Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons and Beaumont Hospital, Dublin.
Irish Journal of Medical Science
|December 30, 1998
Summary
Urban Ireland shows low hepatitis A virus (HAV) endemicity. Age and socioeconomic status significantly influence HAV immunity, guiding future immunisation strategies for at-risk groups.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection poses a public health concern globally.
- Understanding regional endemicity and risk factors is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Previous data on HAV seroprevalence in urban Ireland was limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of immunity to Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) in urban Ireland.
- To classify urban Ireland's HAV endemicity level (low, intermediate, or high).
- To analyze the significance of common risk factors associated with HAV infection.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 233 volunteers from 6 general practices in Dublin, Ireland.
- Participants were categorized into age groups (10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and over 50).
- Anti-HAV total antibody testing (IgG) via competitive ELISA and analysis of risk factors using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Main Results:
- Overall immunity to HAV was found in 67% of volunteers.
- Seroprevalence increased significantly with age, with over 92% immunity in the >50 age group compared to 43% in the 20-29 group.
- Lower socioeconomic status was identified as a significant risk factor for HAV infection, particularly in younger age groups.
Conclusions:
- Urban Ireland is characterized by low HAV endemicity.
- Age and socioeconomic status are significant determinants of HAV seropositivity.
- Findings provide insights into evolving HAV epidemiology and inform vaccination strategies for vulnerable populations.
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