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Factors limiting renal transplantation program in Poland

W Rowiński1, K Ostrowski, L Adadyński

  • 1Transplantation Institute, Warsaw, Poland.

Annals of Transplantation
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Medical professionals largely accept organ donation but show reluctance towards liver transplantation and presumed consent. Inadequate education hinders organ donation, necessitating an educational campaign to boost cadaveric organ transplantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Public Health
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Organ donor shortage impedes transplantation program expansion.
  • Public acceptance of cadaveric kidney procurement exists, but reluctance towards brain death and presumed consent concepts persists.
  • Surveys indicate a need to assess medical community knowledge and attitudes influencing transplantation program development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of medical professionals and students regarding organ donation and transplantation.
  • To identify factors contributing to the slow development of the transplantation program.
  • To inform the necessity of educational interventions for promoting cadaveric organ transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire survey was administered to 1010 general practitioners, neurosurgeons, anesthesiologists, 926 ICU and neurosurgical nurses, and 1760 medical students across 12 medical schools.

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  • The survey assessed acceptance of organ retrieval and transplantation, attitudes towards brain death and presumed consent, and willingness to participate in organ donation processes.
  • Data analysis focused on comparing responses among different medical professional groups and student levels.

    • Main Results:

    • A vast majority of doctors, nurses, and final-year medical students accepted kidney and heart retrieval but not liver transplantation.
    • While most respondents would donate organs, 20% opposed organ harvesting from relatives. Physicians and nurses largely accepted the brain death concept, but only 44% of physicians would discontinue life support without organ retrieval.
    • Physicians' reluctance to notify transplantation units stemmed from fear of community judgment and family issues, despite presumed consent laws. Medical students showed inadequate knowledge regarding transplantation.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant acceptance of organ retrieval exists among medical professionals for certain organs, but barriers remain, particularly concerning liver transplantation and presumed consent.
    • Inadequate medical education on transplantation issues was identified, highlighting a critical need for targeted educational campaigns.
    • Promoting cadaveric organ transplantation requires addressing knowledge gaps, cultural sensitivities, and improving communication strategies within the medical community and with the public.