Large intestinal endocrine cells in non-obese diabetic mice

Colonic endocrine cells from prediabetic and diabetic non-obese diabetic mice as well as of the sister strain, BALB/cJ, were investigated by immunocytochemistry and computer image analysis. In prediabetic mice, enteroglucagon-and serotonin-immunoreactive cells were significantly increased in number, whereas the cell secretory index of these two cell types was significantly reduced. No significant differences were found in numbers or cell secretory index of peptide YY (PYY)-immunoreactive cells. In diabetic mice, PYY-immunoreactive cells were significantly fewer, but there were no significant differences in the numbers of enteroglucagon-and serotonin-immunoreactive cells. Whereas the cell secretory index was reduced in serotonin-producing cells, no significant differences were found between diabetic and control mice regarding the cell secretory index of PYY- and enteroglucagon-immunoreactive cells. Nor was any statistically significant difference found between controls, prediabetic and diabetic non-obese diabetic mice, regarding the thickness of submucosa, of circular and longitudinal-muscle layers, or of the mucosal area/microm baseline. The present study showed that abnormalities in colonic endocrine cells do occur, in both prediabetic and diabetic mice, but they are different in nature and can be divided into primary and secondary to the diabetes onset. The present findings of abnormal colonic endocrine cells in non-obese diabetic mice, an animal model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, might help explain the gastrointestinal disorders observed in patients with diabetes. The study also showed that the change in the colonic endocrine cells is dynamic and started before the onset of the diabetic condition.