[Physicians of the national education system: Stakes and perspectives for a new profession]

After five years of experience in the domain of training doctors of the national education system, the authors note the uneasy position of a profession started in the napoleonic era, created in the post-war context and commissioned in 1991 to "promote the health" of all the students preparing for their baccalaureate degrees. The hypothesis consists of a double origin: a crisis concerning professional identity (doctors of care, prevention, public health) reinforced by a lack of appreciation by the silent partners of the accompaniment necessary for all major changes and for mechanisms of resistance. To remedy this, the authors propose a better definition of professional objectives and priorities to attain, the affirmation of the (central?) position of doctors of the national education system among education and health professionals for youth, and a policy of training at two levels, specialised and inter-professional.