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Related Experiment Videos

Inferior alveolar nerve function after mandibular osteotomies

A Westermark1, H Bystedt, L von Konow

  • 1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
|January 9, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Sagittal split ramus osteotomy for jaw surgery has a high 39% rate of neurosensory deficiency. Other mandibular osteotomy types show lower rates, with intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy being the least invasive.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Neurosurgery
  • Orthognathic Surgery

Background:

  • Orthognathic surgery corrects jaw discrepancies.
  • Mandibular osteotomies are common procedures.
  • Neurosensory disturbances are a known complication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence of neurosensory deficiency after various mandibular osteotomies.
  • To compare complication rates between different surgical techniques.
  • To evaluate the impact of additional genioplasty on neurosensory function.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1034 patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.
  • Assessment of mental nerve neurosensory function via light touch perception.
  • Categorization of patients based on specific mandibular osteotomy types (SSRO, IVRO, EVRO, genioplasty).

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Main Results:

  • Incidence of neurosensory deficiency: 39% (SSRO), 19% (EVRO), 12% (genioplasty), 9% (IVRO).
  • Additional genioplasty increased neurosensory disturbance after IVRO.
  • SSRO showed a significantly higher incidence of neurosensory disturbance compared to other methods.

Conclusions:

  • Sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) presents a high rate of neurosensory deficiency, a significant drawback.
  • Intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) demonstrates the lowest incidence of neurosensory disturbance.
  • Surgical technique selection is critical for minimizing neurosensory complications in orthognathic surgery.