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[Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in clinical specimens, its antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes]
Abstract:
The purpose of our investigation was the detection of S. pneumoniae and the isolation frequency of PRSP/PISP from the patients of the area. 457 strains of S. pneumoniae were isolated from the clinical specimens which had been requested for cultivation from the individual general practitioners in the city. Screening of the PRSP/PISP in 457 strains was carried out with the oxacillin (MPIPC) disk method. The MIC (benezylpenicillin: PCG) was measured at the same time in 73 strains, and compared with the disk method. The results were as follows: 1) Regarding the detection rate of S. pneumoniae, nose discharge was the highest (11.4%) in all the specimens. 2) There was a greater number of isolation of S. pneumoniae in one year from November to March. Then it was scarce in August and September. This change in seasons was noted. 3) There were many 9-year olds and over-60 year olds in the age group of the patients in whom the S. pneumoniae was isolated. 4) All 30 strains where a 6 mm diameter was found when a MIC was compared with the MPIPC disk method were resistant (PRSP/PISP). All 20 strains with a > or = 20 mm diameter were sensitive (PSSP). But in the 23 strains which had a 7 mm -19 mm, 7 strains (30%) were PSSP, and 16 strains (70%) in the intermediate (PISP). 5) A diameter of 6 mm was found in 194 strains (42.5%) with the MPIPC disk method, among the 457 strains isolated from the clinical specimens. 141 strains (30.9%) were found with a diameter of 7 mm -19 mm and 122 strains (26.7%) with a diameter of > or = 20 mm. 6) More than 70% in PRSP/PISP were multiple antimicrobiotics resistant strains to PCG, EM and MINO. 7) The distribution of the serotype in PRSP/PISP was in the order of 19 type (41.3%), 23 type (21.7%), 6 type (13.0%). Moreover, it was in the order of 3 type (18.5%), 6 type (11.1%), 19 type (11.1%), and there were few 23 type (3.7%) for PSSP. The distribution of the serotype was different for PRSP/PISP and PSSP.
Insights
This study detected Streptococcus pneumoniae in clinical samples, finding penicillin-resistant strains more common in winter. Over 40% of S. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to penicillin, highlighting a significant public health concern.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Clinical Diagnostics
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of bacterial infections worldwide.
- Antimicrobial resistance in S. pneumoniae poses a significant challenge to effective treatment.
- Understanding local resistance patterns is crucial for guiding clinical practice.
Purpose:
- To detect Streptococcus pneumoniae in clinical specimens.
- To determine the isolation frequency of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) and penicillin-intermediate S. pneumoniae (PISP).
- To compare the oxacillin disk diffusion method with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for detecting resistance.
Summary:
- 457 strains of S. pneumoniae were isolated, with nose discharge being the most common specimen type.
- Seasonal variations were observed, with higher isolation rates from November to March.
- Penicillin resistance was prevalent, with 42.5% of strains showing resistance or intermediate resistance.
- Multiple antimicrobial resistance was common in resistant strains.
- Serotype distribution differed between resistant and sensitive strains, with serotype 19 being most common in resistant isolates.
Impact:
- Provides data on the prevalence of S. pneumoniae and antimicrobial resistance in a specific geographic area.
- Highlights the need for continued surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns.
- Informs antibiotic stewardship and treatment guidelines for S. pneumoniae infections.