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Related Experiment Videos

[Amh, a Bombay variant with cryptantigen H]

E Gallasch, E Fintelmann, R Mack

    Blut
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Red blood cells with the Bombay Amh variant lack H antigen but show traces of A. Receptor destroying enzyme treatment reveals H antigen, similar to newborns, suggesting neuraminic acid blocks its recognition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunogenetics
    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology

    Context:

    • The Bombay phenotype (Oh) is a rare blood group characterized by the absence of the H antigen.
    • Individuals with the Amh variant present a unique subtype of the Bombay phenotype.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the expression and recognition of the H antigen in the Bombay variant Amh red blood cells.
    • To elucidate the role of neuraminic acid in H antigen expression and detection.

    Summary:

    • Untreated Bombay Amh red blood cells exhibit weak A antigen expression and are H-negative, Le(b)-positive.
    • Receptor destroying enzyme (RDE) treatment unmasks H antigen detectable by specific anti-H sera (anti-HLa, -BHEe, -HUe), but not anti-HLt.
    • This RDE-induced H antigen expression pattern in Amh resembles that of O-newborns, indicating H is present as a glycolipid but not a mucoid, and is masked by neuraminic acid.
    • The presence of anti-H in Amh individuals suggests a potential for hemolytic transfusion reactions if incompatible blood is transfused.
    • The study confirms that the H antigen, as a precursor, is essential for A1 but not for Am, A3, or A2 sub-types.

    Impact:

    • Provides a deeper understanding of H antigen precursor function in ABO blood group system variations.
    • Clarifies the biochemical basis for H antigen masking by neuraminic acid in specific red blood cell variants.
    • Contributes to improved blood transfusion practices and genetic counseling for individuals with rare blood types.

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