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Perspectives on exercise and wasting

E R Buskirk1

  • 1Physiological Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|January 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Clinical trials for exercise interventions in wasting require specific endpoints to isolate exercise effects. Researchers recommend physiological measures and body composition analysis for accurate results.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Clinical trial design
  • Biomedical research

Background:

  • Clinical trials investigating exercise interventions for wasting syndromes face challenges in selecting appropriate endpoints.
  • Broad endpoints like morbidity and mortality require adjustments for confounding factors (age, smoking, hypertension) to isolate exercise effects.
  • Physiological measures, while more specific, can also be influenced by variables other than exercise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To recommend suitable endpoints for clinical trials evaluating exercise interventions in wasting.
  • To highlight the need for endpoints that specifically measure the impact of exercise.
  • To suggest a range of physiological, body composition, and molecular markers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical trial methodologies for exercise interventions.

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  • Identification of physiological performance tests (e.g., maximal oxygen uptake, heart rate, muscular strength).
  • Consideration of advanced techniques like somatogramography, muscle biopsy, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for body composition and muscle analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Specific physiological variables such as maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, muscular strength, and reaction time are proposed as useful endpoints.
    • Body mass, composition, and configuration are identified as key areas impacted by exercise, measurable via somatogramography.
    • Muscle biopsy and magnetic resonance spectroscopy offer insights into mitochondrial concentration and muscle energetics (e.g., adenosine triphosphate), though less utilized in trials.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical trials must select endpoints that clearly demonstrate the discrete effects of exercise on performance, body status, and biological variables.
    • While broad endpoints are common, specific physiological and body composition measures provide more targeted information.
    • Further research and integration of advanced analytical techniques are needed to fully elucidate exercise's impact in wasting conditions.