Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) in normal sleep: polysomnographic parameters in different age groups

L Parrino1, M Boselli, M C Spaggiari

  • 1Istituto di Neurologia, Università degli Studi, Parma, Italy.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
|January 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) in NREM sleep shows age-related variations, with the highest rates in the elderly and lowest in young adults. These periodic arousal fluctuations are a natural part of the sleep cycle.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS) position statement and guideline on the treatment of menopausal sleep disorders.

Maturitas·2019
Same author

Anti-fibronectin aptamers improve the colonization of chitosan films modified with D-(+) Raffinose by murine osteoblastic cells.

Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine·2017
Same author

A cytotoxicity study of silicon oxycarbide nanowires as cell scaffold for biomedical applications.

Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications·2017
Same author

Improved scaffold biocompatibility through anti-Fibronectin aptamer functionalization.

Acta biomaterialia·2016
Same author

Chitosan scaffold modified with D-(+) raffinose and enriched with thiol-modified gelatin for improved osteoblast adhesion.

Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)·2016
Same author

Relation between heart beat fluctuations and cyclic alternating pattern during sleep in insomnia patients.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) is a marker of sleep instability during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep.
  • Understanding age-related changes in CAP is crucial for characterizing normal sleep architecture and identifying potential sleep disturbances.
  • Previous research has not comprehensively standardized CAP parameters across the entire lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a standardized database of Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) parameters in healthy individuals across different age groups.
  • To investigate age-specific characteristics of CAP throughout the human life cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Polygraphic recordings were conducted on 40 healthy sleepers across four age groups (teenagers, young adults, middle-aged, elderly).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subjects underwent adaptation to a sound-proof recording chamber to ensure standard laboratory conditions and rule out sleep disorders.
  • CAP parameters, including CAP rate, cycle duration, and subtype distribution, were quantified in relation to NREM sleep stages.

    • Main Results:

    • The CAP rate exhibited a U-shaped distribution, peaking in the elderly (55.3%) and reaching a minimum in young adults (31.9%).
    • CAP cycle duration was longest in older subjects (31s), and CAP subtype A1 was most frequent in teenagers, while A2 and A3 subtypes were highest in the elderly.
    • NREM sleep stage 2 demonstrated the strongest correlation with overall CAP values, while stage 4 showed the most stability.

    Conclusions:

    • Periodic arousal fluctuations, as measured by CAP, are an inherent feature of NREM sleep.
    • Significant age-related variations in CAP parameters exist across the lifespan, highlighting developmental and aging effects on sleep neurophysiology.