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[Lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in normal newborns]
V Casanueva1, X Cid, M T Chiang
1Departamentos de Pediatría y Obstetricia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
Insights
High levels of apoprotein B in newborns can signal elevated cardiovascular risk. Early detection in infants aids in identifying children needing interventions for potential heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biochemistry
Context:
- Chile faces a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases.
- Atherosclerosis, a precursor to heart disease, begins in childhood.
- Assessing serum lipid profiles in newborns is crucial for early risk assessment.
Purpose:
- To determine the serum lipid levels in a cohort of normal Chilean newborns.
- To establish baseline values for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apoprotein A1, apoprotein B, and lipoprotein (a).
Summary:
- This study measured serum lipid profiles in 156 normal Chilean newborns.
- Significant differences in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and apoprotein A1 were observed between sexes.
- Five percent of newborns exhibited elevated apoprotein B levels (over 48 mg/dl).
Impact:
- Identifies a potential early biomarker for cardiovascular risk in newborns.
- Enables early identification of infants at high risk for developing cardiovascular diseases.
- Provides baseline data for future pediatric cardiovascular health studies in Chile.
Background:
In Chile, there is a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Because atherosclerosis starts in childhood, it is important to assess serum lipid levels in children.
Aim:
To measure serum lipid levels in normal Chilean newborns.
Subjects And Methods:
A sample of umbilical cord venous blood was obtained from 156 normal newborns (76 male) immediately after delivery. Total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apoprotein A1, B and lipoprotein (a) were measured.
Results:
Mean values for total cholesterol in males, females and in the total sample were 60.6, 67.8 and 64 mg/dl respectively. The figures for HDL cholesterol were 24.9, 29.3 and 27 mg/dl, for LDL cholesterol were 28.3, 32.4 and 30 mg/dl, for triglycerides were 37.5, 30.3 and 35 mg/dl, for apoprotein A1 were 69, 79 and 74 mg/dl, for apoB were 23, 25 and 24 mg/dl and for lipoprotein (a) were 1.58, 1.79 and 1.69 mg/dl. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apoprotein A1 were significantly different between sexes. Percentiles 5 and 95 for total cholesterol were 37 and 111, for HDL cholesterol were 14 and 40, for LDL cholesterol were 13 and 57, for triglycerides were 20 and 69, for apoprotein A1 were 53 and 101, for apoprotein B were 11 and 48 and for lipoprotein (a) were 1.3 and 2.1 mg/dl. Five percent of children had apoprotein B values over 48 mg/dl.
Conclusions:
The detection of high levels of apoprotein B in newborns, could allow the early identification of individuals with high cardiovascular risk.