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A prospective study of bacterial meningitis in children from north-eastern Libya
N M Shembesh1, S M el Bargathy, B N Rao
1Department of Pediatrics, Al-Arab Medical University, Benghazi, Libya.
Abstract:
During a 14-month period, 77 children (excluding neonates) with bacterial meningitis were studied. The causative organisms were identified in 60 children: Haemophilus influenzae in 26 (34%), Streptococcus pneumoniae in 20 (26%), Gram-negative enteric bacilli in nine (12%) and beta-haemolytic streptococci group A in one. No organism was identified in 17 (22%) cases. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The age group most affected was between 2 and 12 months. The case mortality rate was 13% and nine children (12%) were left with permanent neurological sequelae.
Insights
This study identified common bacterial causes of meningitis in children, finding Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae most prevalent. Bacterial meningitis significantly impacts young children, leading to mortality and long-term neurological issues.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Bacterial meningitis is a serious infection affecting children.
- Identifying causative agents is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the etiological agents of bacterial meningitis in children.
- To determine the incidence, mortality, and neurological sequelae associated with childhood bacterial meningitis.
Main Methods:
- A 14-month prospective study of 77 children (excluding neonates) diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.
- Causative organisms were identified using standard microbiological techniques.
- Demographic data, clinical outcomes, and neurological sequelae were recorded.
Main Results:
- Haemophilus influenzae (34%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (26%) were the most common pathogens.
- Gram-negative enteric bacilli accounted for 12% of identified cases.
- The case mortality rate was 13%, with 12% of survivors experiencing permanent neurological sequelae. The most affected age group was 2-12 months.
Conclusions:
- Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are leading causes of bacterial meningitis in children.
- Bacterial meningitis poses a significant threat, causing mortality and long-term neurological deficits.
- Early diagnosis and targeted antimicrobial therapy are essential for improving outcomes.