Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2026
Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Breast conservation surgery for breast cancer at a regional medical center
C Kotwall1, D Covington, P Churchill
1Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Background:
This study examined trends in breast conservation surgery (BCS) at our hospital and factors associated with BCS.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed breast cancer surgeries in patients eligible for BCS (size <4 cm, N0, N1) from 1990 through 1996 (n = 634). We calculated the yearly prevalence of BCS and used multiple logistic regression (MLR) to determine tumor, patient, and surgeon factors associated with BCS.
Results:
BCS increased from 17% in 1990 to 41% in 1996. Women with T1a and T1b tumors were 3.8 and 2.0 times, respectively, as likely to have BCS compared with those who had T2 tumors. Other factors associated with BCS included nonpalpable tumors, age <50, Medicare, Medicaid, or self-pay patients, and women whose surgeons graduated since 1961, with odds ratios of 1.8, 1.9, 2.4, and 2.3, respectively.
Conclusion:
Women with small, nonpalpable tumors, age <50, without private insurance, operated on by younger surgeons were more likely to receive BCS.
