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Fluid dynamic optimization of a ventricular assist device using particle image velocimetry
T Mussivand1, K D Day, B C Naber
1Cardiovascular Devices Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada.
ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|February 10, 1999
Summary
Optimizing ventricular assist device (VAD) geometry reduced adverse flow conditions, minimizing thrombus formation risks. Geometric modifications improved fluid dynamics, enhancing VAD safety and efficacy for patients.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Devices
- Fluid Dynamics
Background:
- Thrombus formation and thromboembolism are significant risks limiting ventricular assist device (VAD) use.
- Adverse flow patterns, including turbulence and stasis, are implicated in VAD-related thrombogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize VAD geometry, port orientation, and fluid dynamics to minimize thrombus formation.
- To iteratively refine VAD design for improved hemocompatibility and reduced thrombotic risk.
Main Methods:
- Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to analyze fluid dynamics within transparent VAD models.
- Four VAD configurations were tested iteratively, with modifications focusing on chamber geometry, port design, and valve enclosures.
Main Results:
- Initial VAD design exhibited high shear stress (9,100 dynes/cm2) and adverse flow.
- Subsequent modifications reduced peak shear stress to 1,900 dynes/cm2 and 4,100 dynes/cm2.
- Final design eliminated flow stasis and minimized high shear stress regions.
Conclusions:
- Geometric optimization of VADs is effective in minimizing adverse flow conditions.
- Design modifications significantly reduce shear stress and stasis, thereby mitigating thrombus formation.
- This approach enhances the safety and potential widespread adoption of VADs.