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[School refusal anxiety]

H Desombre1, P Fourneret, O Revol

  • 1Service de neuropsychiatrie infantile, département de pédiatrie, pavillon S, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|February 12, 1999
PubMed
Summary

School refusal, affecting children aged 5-15, presents as school phobia or separation anxiety. Early intervention is crucial for better outcomes, with severe cases potentially needing hospital management or medication.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Context:

  • School refusal impacts children aged 5–15, with a peak incidence in 11–13-year-olds.
  • Two primary clinical presentations exist: school phobia and separation anxiety.
  • Separation anxiety is linked to distress from separating from primary caregivers, often the mother.

Purpose:

  • To define school refusal and its clinical subtypes.
  • To highlight the importance of early detection and intervention.
  • To outline potential treatment strategies for severe cases.

Summary:

  • School refusal is characterized by avoidance of school, stemming from either fear of school itself (school phobia) or anxiety related to separation from attachment figures.
  • The condition affects a broad age range of children, typically between 5 and 15 years old.

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  • Prognosis is significantly influenced by the timeliness of recognition and therapeutic intervention.

    • Impact:

    • Emphasizes the critical role of early identification in improving prognosis for school refusal.
    • Suggests that prompt intervention can mitigate the long-term effects of school avoidance.
    • Informs clinicians about the necessity of considering hospital management or pharmacotherapy (e.g., imipramine) for severe presentations of school refusal.