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Lepromatous lymphadenitis masquerading as lymphoma

Nipin Bagla1, Mandakini M Patel, Rajnikant D Patel

  • 1Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Majura Gate, Surat-395001, Gujarat, India. drnipinbagla@yahoo.co.in

Leprosy Review
|May 11, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Lepromatous lymphadenitis, a leprosy complication, can mimic non-Hodgkin

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Immunopathology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Lymphadenopathy presents a diagnostic challenge, often necessitating differential diagnosis for conditions like lymphoma.
  • Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease, can manifest with diverse clinical presentations, including atypical forms.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old male with generalized lymphadenopathy was initially suspected of having non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • Excision and histopathological examination of lymph nodes revealed lepra cells laden with Mycobacterium leprae.

Findings:

  • Histopathology confirmed lepromatous lymphadenitis, characterized by aggregates of lepra cells.
  • The presence of abundant lepra bacilli within the lymph node cells was a key diagnostic feature.

Implications:

  • Clinicians in leprosy-endemic regions must consider lepromatous lymphadenitis in patients presenting with lymphadenopathy.
  • This highlights the importance of including infectious etiologies in the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy, even when lymphoma is suspected.

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