Leukemia and lymphoma immunophenotyping in cell smears with immunogold-silver staining
M De Waele1, W Renmans, E Segers
1Department of Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital, Free University Brussels, Belgium.
Insights
The immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) technique effectively immunophenotypes leukemia and lymphoma cells in various sample types. This method provides accurate cell identification and is useful for challenging samples, offering an alternative to traditional immunoenzyme techniques.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Immunophenotyping is crucial for diagnosing and classifying leukemias and lymphomas.
- Traditional methods like flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry have limitations, especially with difficult sample types.
- There is a need for reliable techniques to analyze cell morphology and immunophenotype simultaneously.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of the immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) technique for immunophenotyping leukemia and lymphoma cells.
- To compare IGSS results with established methods such as flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.
- To assess the utility of IGSS for analyzing challenging clinical specimens.
Main Methods:
- The IGSS technique was applied to cell smears from peripheral blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, fine-needle aspirates, and biologic fluids from 83 patients.
- Samples were fixed, incubated with 35 monoclonal antibodies, and counterstained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa.
- Morphologic characteristics and immunostaining stability were assessed for accurate cell identification and enumeration.
Main Results:
- The IGSS technique demonstrated stable immunostaining and preserved good morphologic characteristics, enabling accurate cell identification and enumeration.
- Immunophenotypes determined by IGSS closely matched those obtained by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.
- The method proved particularly useful for analyzing poor-quality samples and complex cell suspensions containing rare malignant cells.
Conclusions:
- The immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) technique is a viable and effective method for immunophenotyping leukemia and lymphoma cells in cell smears.
- IGSS offers a valuable alternative to conventional immunoenzyme methods, especially for challenging specimens.
- This technique facilitates accurate diagnosis and classification of hematologic malignancies.
Abstract:
The potential of the immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) technique for immunophenotyping leukemia and lymphoma cells in cell smears was examined. Peripheral blood, bone marrow aspirates, lymph node biopsy specimens, fine-needle aspirates, and biologic fluids of 83 patients with acute or chronic leukemias, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, or Hodgkin's disease were labeled. Cell smears, cytocentrifuge preparations, or imprints were fixed, incubated with the reagents, and counterstained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa. Stable immunostaining and good morphologic characteristics allowed accurate cell identification and rapid enumeration of the positive cells. The immunophenotypes obtained with the use of 35 monoclonal antibodies with different specificities were similar to those determined by flow cytometry or immunohistochemical studies on the same samples. This IGSS method was especially useful for the examination of poor samples or complex cell suspensions with rare malignant cells. It could be an alternative to the immunoenzyme methods that generally are used for this purpose.
More Related Videos
09:57Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Published on: March 5, 2018
07:52Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining, Imaging, and Analysis in Histological Samples of Lymphoma
Published on: January 9, 2019
