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[Feline immunodeficiency virus tropism]

Masayuki Shimojima1

  • 1Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokendai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. shimoji-@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Uirusu
|November 28, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) uses CD134 (OX40) as its primary receptor, unlike HIV which uses CD4. This discovery also aided in identifying entry factors for Ebola virus.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) causes an AIDS-like illness in cats.
  • Unlike human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), FIV does not utilize CD4 as its primary receptor.

Purpose:

  • To identify the primary cellular receptor for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV).
  • To investigate the mechanism of FIV entry and infection.
  • To adapt the receptor identification method for other viruses, such as Ebola virus.

Summary:

  • Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) primarily uses CD134 (OX40), a T cell activation molecule, for viral binding, entry, and infection.
  • FIV infection is dependent on CXCR4, similar to X4-tropic HIV strains.
  • The study identified Axl and Dtk (Tyro3 family) as Ebola virus entry factors using a modified method.

Impact:

  • Elucidates the molecular mechanisms of FIV pathogenesis.
  • Reveals convergent evolution in lentiviral receptor usage.
  • Provides a novel method for identifying viral entry factors, applicable to emerging infectious diseases like Ebola virus.

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