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Modulation of leucocyte locomotion by interleukin-1
C C Zielinski1, B Pesau, W Kalinowski
1Second Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Insights
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) significantly inhibits polymorphonuclear cell (PMNC) locomotion towards casein in vitro. This effect was observed with both ultrapure and recombinant IL-1, indicating a direct inhibitory role of IL-1 on leucocyte migration.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Leukocyte locomotion is crucial for immune responses.
- Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key inflammatory cytokine.
- The specific effect of IL-1 on leukocyte migration requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) on leukocyte locomotion in vitro.
- To determine if IL-1 directly affects the migration of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC).
Main Methods:
- Leukocyte locomotion assays were performed using casein or zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) as chemotaxigens.
- Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC) were pre-incubated with ultrapure or recombinant human IL-1 (rIL-1).
- The direct effect of IL-1 on PMNC locomotion was assessed without pre-incubation.
Main Results:
- Pre-incubation of PMNC with ultrapure IL-1 significantly decreased locomotion towards casein.
- Direct addition of IL-1 to assays also significantly inhibited casein-directed PMNC locomotion.
- Both ultrapure and recombinant IL-1 alpha and beta demonstrated significant inhibition of leukocyte locomotion against casein.
Conclusions:
- Interleukin-1 (IL-1) directly inhibits leukocyte locomotion in vitro, specifically against casein.
- The inhibitory effect of IL-1 on PMNC migration is consistent across different preparations (ultrapure and recombinant).
- IL-1 plays a role in modulating immune cell migration patterns.
Abstract:
The influence of interleukin-1 (IL-1) upon leucocyte locomotion in vitro was studied, using either casein or zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) as chemotaxigens. A pre-incubation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC) with ultrapure (purity 99%) human IL-1 (1 U/ml) for 2 and 5 h followed by a washing step resulted in a significant decrease in leucocyte locomotion against casein (P less than 0.0005 and P less than 0.01, respectively), but not against ZAS (P greater than 0.1). Moreover, the direct addition of this IL-1 preparation to leucocyte locomotion assays without pre-incubation produced a similar and significant inhibition of leucocyte locomotion directed against casein (P less than 0.05). This inhibitory effect could not be augmented further by higher concentrations of ultrapure IL-1. In order to exclude the effect of possibly contaminating cytokines in the ultrapure IL-1 preparation used, additional assays with recombinant human IL-1 (rIL-1) alpha and rIL-1 beta (1 U/ml) were performed to investigate their influence upon leucocyte locomotion. It was found that both rIL-1 alpha and rIL-1 beta inhibited leucocyte locomotion directed against casein significantly (P less than 0.005). Similar to the previous experiments, leucocyte locomotion could not be further inhibited by higher concentrations (10 U/ml) or rIL-1. Thus, both ultrapure and rIL-1 were found to have the ability to inhibit leucocyte locomotion in vitro.