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Rapid detection of human blood in triatomines (kissing bugs) utilizing a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay - A

Norman L Beatty1, Nicole Behrens-Bradley2, Maria Love2

  • 1University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tucson, AZ, United States of America.

Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
|June 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

A new rapid assay accurately detects human blood in triatomine bugs and their excreta, aiding Chagas disease vector research. This test shows promise for identifying human blood meals in triatomines collected from the field.

Area of Science:

  • Vector-borne diseases
  • Immunochromatography
  • Forensic entomology

Background:

  • Triatomines are vectors of Chagas disease.
  • Accurate identification of blood meals is crucial for understanding Chagas disease transmission dynamics.
  • Existing methods for blood meal analysis can be time-consuming and resource-intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a rapid and specific immunochromatographic assay for detecting human blood in triatomines.
  • To assess the assay's performance on both laboratory-fed and wild-caught triatomines and their excreta.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory feeding trials using Triatoma rubida with human (positive control) or mouse (negative control) blood.
  • Assay application on abdominal contents and fecal excreta of fed triatomines.
  • Testing of field-collected triatomine specimens and their excreta.

Main Results:

  • The assay correctly identified human blood in 100% of triatomines fed human blood and their excreta.
  • No human blood was detected in triatomines fed mouse blood or their excreta.
  • Human blood was detected in 47% of wild-collected triatomines, representing six species.

Conclusions:

  • The immunochromatographic assay is a promising tool for detecting human blood meals in triatomines.
  • This rapid test has potential applications in epidemiological studies of Chagas disease.
  • Further research is needed to compare its sensitivity with established molecular methods and assess field utility.
Abstract

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