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Ionized Calcium Binding Adaptor Molecule 1 (IBA1)

Xiaoming Zhang1, Li-Ping Wang1, Amy Ziober1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
|February 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) is a highly sensitive and specific marker for diagnosing monocytic, histiocytic, and dendritic cell neoplasms. This study found IBA1 superior to CD14, CD68, and CD163 in hematopathology.

Area of Science:

  • Hematopathology
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) is a known marker for microglia/macrophages.
  • Its utility in human hematologic malignancies, specifically monocytic, histiocytic, and dendritic cell neoplasms, remained unexplored.
  • This study aimed to fill that knowledge gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the expression of IBA1 in various mature and immature neoplasms of monocytic, histiocytic, and dendritic cell origin.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of IBA1 with established markers like CD14, CD68, and CD163 in these contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect IBA1, CD14, CD68, and CD163 expression.
  • A total of 114 cases were analyzed, including tissue-based and bone marrow-based neoplasms of monocytic/histiocytic/dendritic cell lineage, along with control groups.

Main Results:

  • IBA1 was expressed in all tested mature tissue-based histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms (20/20).
  • In bone marrow cases, IBA1 showed high positivity in acute myeloid leukemias with monocytic differentiation (48/53), blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms (2/2), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemias (4/4).
  • IBA1 demonstrated superior sensitivity (93.7%) and specificity (97.1%) compared to CD14, CD68, and CD163.

Conclusions:

  • IBA1 is identified as a novel diagnostic marker for neoplasms of monocytic, histiocytic, and dendritic cell origin.
  • Its high sensitivity and specificity make it a valuable tool in hematopathology.
  • IBA1 offers improved diagnostic accuracy over existing markers for these specific malignancies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute leukemiaFlow cytometryHistiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasmsImmunohistochemistryIonized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1)Monocytic differentiationNonspecific esterase cytochemistry

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