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CD79a: a novel marker for B-cell neoplasms in routinely processed tissue samples
D Y Mason1, J L Cordell, M H Brown
1University Department of Cellular Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Insights
A new anti-CD79a antibody, JCB117, effectively identifies B-cell neoplasms in paraffin-embedded tissues. This reliable marker aids in diagnosing B-cell malignancies across all maturation stages, including precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Histopathology
Background:
- The CD79 molecule (CD79a/CD79b) is crucial for B-cell receptor signaling.
- CD79a is present from early B-cell development through plasma cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a novel anti-CD79a monoclonal antibody, JCB117, for B-cell identification in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
- To assess the utility of JCB117 in diagnosing B-cell neoplasms.
Main Methods:
- Testing of the JCB117 antibody on 454 paraffin-embedded tissue biopsies.
- Analysis of reactivity across various B-cell maturation stages and non-B-cell neoplasms.
Main Results:
- JCB117 reacted with 97% of B-cell neoplasms, including myeloma/plasmacytoma.
- The antibody successfully labeled precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- All T-cell and non-lymphoid neoplasms tested were negative for JCB117.
Conclusions:
- JCB117 is a highly sensitive and specific marker for B-cell neoplasms in paraffin-embedded sections.
- This antibody is valuable for histopathological diagnosis of B-cell malignancies.
- JCB117 offers reliable detection of B-cell markers in challenging specimens like bone marrow trephines.
Abstract:
The CD79 molecule, comprising two polypeptide chains, mb-1 (CD79a) and B29 (CD79b), is physically associated in the B-cell membrane with immunoglobulin. It transmits a signal after antigen binding and may, therefore, be considered the B cell equivalent of CD3. It appears before the pre-B-cell stage, and the mb-1 (CD79a) chain can still be present at the plasma cell stage. In this report, we describe a new anti-CD79a monoclonal antibody, JCB117, which reacts with human B cells in paraffin embedded tissue sections, including decalcified bone marrow trephines. When tested on a total of 454 paraffin embedded tissue biopsies, gathered from a number of different institutions, it reacted with the great majority (97%) of B-cell neoplasms, covering the full range of B-cell maturation, including 10 of 20 cases of myeloma/plasmacytoma. It is of interest that the antibody labels precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia samples, making it the most reliable B-cell marker detectable in paraffin-embedded specimens in this disorder. All neoplasms of T cell or nonlymphoid origin were negative, indicating that antibody JCB117 may be of value to diagnostic histopathologists for the identification of B-cell neoplasms of all maturation stages.