[The effect of two contraceptive methods (EP vs. IUD) in relation to inflammatory changes and CIN]

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic pathology
• Reproductive health
• Infectious diseases

Background:

• Cervical cytology (Smear Test) is crucial for detecting precancerous changes.
• Intrauterine devices (IUDs) and oral contraceptives (EP) are common contraceptives with different risk profiles.
• Previous research suggests potential associations between IUD use and specific infections or cellular changes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the phlogistic picture, endometrial cells, and preneoplastic lesions in women using IUDs versus EP.
• To identify specific risks associated with IUD use in cervical cytology.
• To investigate the prevalence of Actinomyces and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in relation to IUDs.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of cervical smear tests from women using IUDs and EP.
• Microscopic examination for specific cytological features, including Actinomyces and endometrial cells.
• Correlation of findings with contraceptive method used.

Main Results:

• Actinomyces infection was exclusively identified in IUD users.
• Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was diagnosed in 4.2% of IUD carriers.
• The study examined phlogistic picture repair processes and endometrial cell presence in both groups.

Conclusions:

• IUD use is associated with an increased risk of Actinomyces infection.
• A notable percentage of IUD users present with CIN, highlighting the need for vigilant screening.
• Findings underscore the importance of considering contraceptive method in the interpretation of cervical cytology.