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El virus de la influenza B en las focas
A D Osterhaus1, G F Rimmelzwaan, B E Martina
1National Influenza Center, Department of Virology, Erasmus University, Doctor Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 12, 2000
Resumen
El virus de la influenza B, un patógeno humano, se encontró en las focas del puerto, lo que sugiere un potencial reservorio animal. Este descubrimiento pone de relieve una posible amenaza para la salud humana de las cepas que circulaban en el pasado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología Virología.
- Salud de los mamíferos marinos.
- Enfermedades zoonóticas Las enfermedades zoonóticas son enfermedades zoonóticas.
Sus antecedentes:
- El origen y los reservorios naturales del virus de la influenza B, un patógeno humano significativo, siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
- El virus de la influenza B representa una amenaza continua para la salud pública a nivel mundial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la posibilidad de que el virus de la influenza B circule en poblaciones animales no humanas.
- Identificar un posible reservorio natural para las cepas del virus de la influenza B que han circulado previamente en humanos.
Principales métodos:
- Aislamiento y caracterización de un virus de la influenza B de una foca portuaria infectada de forma natural (Phoca vitulina).
- Pruebas de infectividad in vitro con células de riñón de foca.
- Análisis de secuencias y pruebas serológicas de sueros de foca y aislados virales.
- Análisis retrospectivo de muestras de suero de foca recogidas a lo largo del tiempo.
Principales resultados:
- Se aisló con éxito un virus de la influenza B (B/Seal/Netherlands/1/99) de una foca del puerto.
- El virus de la influenza B de foca aislado fue infeccioso para sellar las células renales in vitro.
- La secuencia y los datos serológicos revelaron que el virus de la foca está estrechamente relacionado con las cepas humanas de 4-5 años antes.
- Se detectaron anticuerpos contra el virus de la influenza B en el 2% de las focas muestreadas después de 1995, pero no en muestras anteriores.
Conclusiones:
- Las focas del puerto pueden actuar como un reservorio para el virus de la influenza B, albergando cepas que han circulado previamente en los seres humanos.
- La presencia de estos virus en las focas representa una potencial amenaza zoonótica para las poblaciones humanas.
- Se necesita más investigación para comprender la dinámica del virus de la influenza B en los mamíferos marinos y sus implicaciones para la salud pública.
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