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Un algoritmo de evolución adiabática cuántica aplicado a instancias aleatorias de un problema NP-completo.

E Farhi¹, J Goldstone, S Gutmann

¹Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. farhi@mit.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 21, 2001

Resumen

Los algoritmos adiabáticos cuánticos aprovechan la lenta evolución hamiltoniana para la computación. Las pruebas sobre problemas NP-completos son prometedoras para las computadoras cuánticas que superan a las clásicas en tareas complejas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

La física cuántica es la física cuántica.
Ciencias de la computación Ciencias de la computación.
Desarrollo de algoritmos de desarrollo.

Sus antecedentes:

Los sistemas cuánticos permanecen naturalmente en su estado fundamental si el hamiltoniano gobernante cambia lentamente.
Este principio, conocido como comportamiento adiabático cuántico, constituye la base para nuevos algoritmos de computación cuántica.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para evaluar la eficacia de un algoritmo adiabático cuántico.
Para probar su rendimiento en instancias difíciles de problemas NP-completos.

Principales métodos:

El estudio aplicó un algoritmo adiabático cuántico a instancias generadas al azar y difíciles de un problema NP-completo.
Se realizaron simulaciones para ejemplos a pequeña escala.

Principales resultados:

El algoritmo adiabático cuántico demostró un rendimiento exitoso en las instancias probadas.
Los resultados sugieren ventajas potenciales sobre las computadoras clásicas para problemas computacionales específicos.

Conclusiones:

Los algoritmos adiabáticos cuánticos son prometedores para resolver problemas computacionales complejos.
Los hallazgos proporcionan evidencia del potencial de las computadoras cuánticas para superar a las computadoras clásicas para abordar problemas difíciles NP-completos, dependiendo del desarrollo de hardware cuántico a gran escala.