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Fuertes campos magnéticos en galaxias normales con un alto desplazamiento al rojo.

Martin L Bernet1, Francesco Miniati, Simon J Lilly

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Resumen

Las primeras galaxias poseían fuertes campos magnéticos, comparables a los actuales. Este estudio vincula estos poderosos campos magnéticos galácticos con galaxias normales en el Universo temprano, desafiando las suposiciones anteriores sobre su origen y escala de tiempo.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La astronomía y la astrofísica.
  • El magnetismo cósmico es el magnetismo cósmico.
  • Evolución de la galaxia Evolución de la galaxia.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El origen y la amplificación de los campos magnéticos en las galaxias siguen siendo poco conocidos.
  • El efecto dínamo es el supuesto mecanismo para amplificar los campos magnéticos de las semillas a lo largo del tiempo cósmico.
  • Estudios anteriores sugirieron comparables fuerzas de campo magnético en galaxias antiguas y actuales, pero su distribución no estaba clara.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar el origen y la distribución de los campos magnéticos en el Universo temprano.
  • Para determinar si las altas intensidades de campo magnético están asociadas con galaxias normales o con entornos de cuásares específicos.
  • Para restringir la escala de tiempo de la amplificación del campo magnético a través del efecto dínamo.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de espectros de alta resolución de cuásares distantes.
  • Medición de las medidas de rotación (RMs) para rastrear las intensidades del campo magnético.
  • Correlación de RMs con las líneas de absorción de Mg II, indicativo de entornos de halo galáctico.

Principales resultados:

  • Se encontró una clara asociación entre las medidas de alta rotación y fuertes líneas de absorción de Mg II en quásares.
  • Las líneas de absorción de Mg II trazan los halos de las galaxias normales a lo largo de las líneas de visión de los cuásares.
  • Esto indica que los campos magnéticos fuertes y organizados están presentes en las galaxias normales cuando el Universo tenía sólo un tercio de su edad actual.

Conclusiones:

  • Los campos magnéticos organizados de fuerza significativa están asociados con las galaxias normales en el Universo temprano.
  • Este hallazgo desafía la noción de que tales campos solo se desarrollan más tarde o están confinados a entornos galácticos inusuales.
  • Los resultados proporcionan restricciones cruciales en los modelos de la acción del dínamo galáctico y la evolución del magnetismo cósmico.