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El campo magnético afecta la síntesis enzimática de ATP
Anatoly L Buchachenko1, Dmitry A Kuznetsov
1N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia. abuchach@chph.ras.ru
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 9, 2008
Resumen
Los campos magnéticos influyen en la síntesis de ATP en la creatina quinasa. Los isótopos específicos de magnesio (25Mg) aumentan significativamente el rendimiento de ATP, revelando un mecanismo iónico-radical en esta enzima.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Enzimología Enzimología.
- La biofísica es la biofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La creatina quinasa (CK) es crucial para la homeostasis de la energía celular.
- El papel de los campos magnéticos y los isótopos en las reacciones enzimáticas es un área de investigación emergente.
- El veneno de Vipera xanthia contiene enzimas con potenciales aplicaciones biotecnológicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el efecto de los campos magnéticos en la síntesis de ATP por la creatina quinasa de Vipera xanthia venom.
- Para explorar la influencia de los isótopos de magnesio (Mg2+) con diferentes propiedades magnéticas en la actividad enzimática.
- Para aclarar el mecanismo subyacente del campo magnético y los efectos de los isótopos en la producción de ATP.
Principales métodos:
- Purificación de la creatina quinasa a partir del veneno de Vipera xanthia.
- La determinación de las tasas de síntesis de ATP bajo diferentes intensidades de campo magnético estático (por ejemplo, 55 mT, 80 mT).
- Utilizando isótopos de magnesio (24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg) en los sitios catalíticos de la enzima para el análisis comparativo.
Principales resultados:
- La velocidad de síntesis de ATP mostró una respuesta dependiente del campo.
- Las enzimas con 24Mg2+ y 26Mg2+ mostraron un aumento del 7-8% en el rendimiento de ATP a 55 mT, disminuyendo a 80 mT.
- Las enzimas con 25Mg2+ mostraron aumentos significativamente más altos en el rendimiento de ATP (50% a 55 mT, 70% a 80 mT).
- Se observó una tasa de síntesis de ATP 2,5 veces mayor en el campo magnético de la Tierra para enzimas con 25Mg en comparación con las de 24Mg o 26Mg.
Conclusiones:
- La síntesis de ATP por creatina quinasa se ve afectada por los campos magnéticos y los isótopos de magnesio.
- El efecto isotópico magnético observado sugiere fuertemente un mecanismo de radicales iónicos.
- La interacción de Zeeman y el acoplamiento hiperfino en pares de iones radicales intermedios son factores clave que influyen en la vía de reacción.
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