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Fundamentos para una nueva ciencia del aprendizaje.
Andrew N Meltzoff1, Patricia K Kuhl, Javier Movellan
1Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Meltzoff@u.washington.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 18, 2009
Resumen
El aprendizaje humano, único en su complejidad y abstracción, se ve reforzado por la educación formal. La investigación emergente integra la neurociencia y el aprendizaje automático para avanzar en la ciencia educativa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Cognitivas Ciencias Cognitivas.
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La inteligencia artificial es inteligencia artificial.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aprendizaje humano supera a otras especies en el rango de habilidades, complejidad y abstracción.
- Los seres humanos emplean exclusivamente métodos formales como maestros, escuelas y planes de estudio para mejorar el aprendizaje.
- Los bebés exhiben un fuerte interés social y poseen mecanismos de aprendizaje implícitos influenciados por la interacción social.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos cerebrales que subyacen al aprendizaje humano.
- Explorar cómo los sistemas neuronales compartidos apoyan el aprendizaje social.
- Examinar el desarrollo del aprendizaje automático para la robótica autónoma y el aprendizaje por computadora.
Principales métodos:
- La síntesis de ideas de la neurociencia, la ciencia cognitiva y el aprendizaje automático.
- Analizando las bases neuronales de los sistemas de percepción-acción en el aprendizaje social.
- Desarrollo de algoritmos autónomos de aprendizaje automático.
Principales resultados:
- La comprensión de los mecanismos cerebrales para el aprendizaje está avanzando.
- Los sistemas cerebrales compartidos para la percepción y la acción se identifican como cruciales para el aprendizaje social.
- Los algoritmos de aprendizaje automático están permitiendo el aprendizaje autónomo en los sistemas computacionales.
Conclusiones:
- La convergencia de ideas de diversos campos está formando una nueva ciencia del aprendizaje.
- Esta nueva ciencia tiene el potencial de revolucionar las prácticas educativas.
- Comprender el aprendizaje humano y el aprendizaje automático puede conducir a innovaciones educativas transformadoras.
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