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Navegación de larga distancia y magnetorrecepción en animales migratorios
1Institut für Biologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany. henrik.mouritsen@uol.de.
Nature
|June 8, 2018
Resumen
Los animales migratorios usan múltiples señales e integración cerebral para la navegación de larga distancia. La precisión exacta en miles de kilómetros requiere la comprensión de estos complejos mecanismos de orientación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Zoología
- El comportamiento de los animales
- La neurociencia
Sus antecedentes:
- Los seres humanos han estado fascinados por las habilidades de navegación de los animales migratorios.
- Comprender cómo se orientan los animales a grandes distancias es un desafío científico clave.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los mecanismos de orientación y navegación de los animales, centrándose en los migrantes de larga distancia.
- Proponer un modelo por fases para la navegación de larga distancia y hacer hincapié en la necesidad de procesamiento de señales sensoriales integradas.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre orientación y navegación de los animales.
- Concentrarse en la magnetorrecepción y la integración multisensorial en el cerebro.
Principales resultados:
- Se propone que la navegación de larga distancia implique tres fases distintas.
- Ninguna señal o mecanismo es suficiente para una navegación precisa de larga distancia; la integración es clave.
Conclusiones:
- La integración de señales multisensoriales en el cerebro es esencial para la navegación precisa de los animales.
- Se identifican veinte cuestiones mecanicistas clave en la navegación animal de larga distancia para futuras investigaciones en las próximas dos décadas.
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