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Investigación sobre diferencias en orientación e identidad sexual
Vicente Soriano1, Ondina Vélez2, José I Sánchez-Méndez3,4
1UNIR Health Sciences School and Medical Center, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain.
AIDS reviews
|December 22, 2025
Resumen
La sexualidad humana abarca dimensiones reproductivas y afectivas. Las diferencias en el desarrollo sexual (DSD), la atracción hacia el mismo sexo y la identidad transgénero representan variaciones que merecen consideración médica y de investigación para la inclusión y el bienestar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología humana y sexualidad; Biología evolutiva; Psicología y sociología
Sus antecedentes:
- La sexualidad humana tiene funciones tanto reproductivas como afectivas.
- Las variaciones en la sexualidad incluyen estados intersexuales (diferencias en el desarrollo sexual - DSD), orientación hacia el mismo sexo y disforia de género.
- Estas variaciones pueden desafiar las comprensiones tradicionales del sexo y el género.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar el espectro de las diferencias sexuales humanas.
- Actualizar sobre los principales determinantes de estas diferencias.
- Proponer un marco para la investigación respetuosa de las variaciones en la sexualidad.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de factores biológicos, psicológicos y socioculturales que influyen en el desarrollo y la identidad sexual.
- Análisis de los enfoques médicos y científicos existentes para las variaciones en la sexualidad.
- Desarrollo de un marco conceptual para comprender la diversidad sexual.
Principales resultados:
- Los factores biológicos son los principales impulsores de las diferencias en el desarrollo sexual (DSD).
- Las variables psicológicas y socioculturales influyen significativamente en la orientación hacia el mismo sexo y la identidad transgénero.
- Se propone una categorización médica de las diferencias en la orientación sexual y la identidad propia, estableciendo paralelismos con las DSD.
Conclusiones:
- Reconocer las variaciones en la sexualidad, incluida la atracción hacia el mismo sexo y la identidad transgénero, como diferencias es crucial para una investigación respetuosa.
- Se necesitan esfuerzos inclusivos para prevenir la discriminación contra personas con sexualidad atípica.
- La atención médica y de investigación a estas variaciones es esencial para el bienestar y el florecimiento de las personas afectadas.
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