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Salud Pública

Kyle R Conniff1, Josh D Grill2,3, Daniel L Gillen2,3,4

  • 1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.

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|December 23, 2025
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La retención de participantes nativos americanos y de Alaska (AI/AN) en la investigación sobre demencia puede mejorarse abordando factores como la situación de vida y las comorbilidades. Comprender estos predictores es clave para aumentar la participación de AI/AN en estudios vitales sobre el Alzheimer.

Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaInvestigación sobre demenciaRetención de participantesNativos americanosNativos de AlaskaEnfermedad de AlzheimerDemenciaParticipación en estudios

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología; Neurociencia; Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • La población de adultos mayores nativos americanos y de Alaska (AI/AN) está creciendo rápidamente.
  • Se proyecta que una proporción significativa de adultos mayores de AI/AN desarrollará la enfermedad de Alzheimer o demencias relacionadas.
  • Las tasas de retención más bajas de participantes de AI/AN en la investigación sobre demencia en comparación con los participantes blancos no hispanos requieren una mayor investigación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Identificar los factores que predicen la retención de participantes AI/AN en la investigación sobre demencia.
  • Informar futuras intervenciones de investigación destinadas a mejorar la participación de AI/AN.
  • Abordar las disparidades en la participación en la investigación para las comunidades AI/AN.

Principales métodos:

  • Se empleó regresión logística y validación cruzada de 5 pliegues para analizar los predictores de retención.
  • Se evaluaron más de 500.000 modelos utilizando 28 variables demográficas y de salud.
  • La retención se definió como una visita de seguimiento dentro de los 18 meses posteriores a la visita inicial para participantes de AI/AN en el National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set.

Principales resultados:

  • El modelo más predictivo para la retención de participantes AI/AN logró un Área bajo la Curva ROC (AUC) promedio de 0.76.
  • Los predictores clave incluyeron la opinión del evaluador sobre la validez de la respuesta, la educación, la situación de vida, las deficiencias sensoriales (visión, audición), el recuento de medicamentos y las comorbilidades.
  • Un modelo secundario, con una diferencia insignificante en AUC, también identificó el sexo, las comorbilidades cardiovasculares y las dificultades con las actividades diarias como predictores significativos.

Conclusiones:

  • Mejorar la retención de participantes de AI/AN en la investigación requiere abordar las barreras de participación.
  • Las intervenciones deben centrarse en mitigar los desafíos relacionados con las situaciones de vida y las deficiencias funcionales (visión, audición, función motora).
  • La investigación futura explorará los predictores para la población general y los comparará con los específicos de los participantes de AI/AN.