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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Gabriela Tomé Oliveira Engelmann1,2,3, Giovanna Correia Pereira Moro1,2,4, Ivonne Carolina Bolaños Burgos5

  • 1Older Adult's Psychiatry and Psychology Extension Program (PROEPSI), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Niveles más altos de proteína tau fosforilada (p-Tau 181) se correlacionan con un peor rendimiento en las evaluaciones de memoria y cognitivas en adultos mayores. Este hallazgo ayuda a comprender la progresión de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y los factores de riesgo.

Palabras clave:
tau fosforiladadeterioro cognitivoevaluación del riesgo de demenciaenfermedad de Alzheimerbiomarcadores

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Investigación de Biomarcadores
  • Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Comprender los biomarcadores de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y el deterioro cognitivo es crucial para identificar los factores de riesgo de demencia.
  • La Escala de Evaluación de la Demencia (DRS) evalúa la función cognitiva, mientras que los biomarcadores del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) como Aβ42 y p-Tau 181 indican la patología de la EA.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la asociación entre los niveles de Aβ42 y p-Tau 181 en LCR y el rendimiento en el DRS en adultos mayores.
  • Determinar si estos biomarcadores pueden predecir el deterioro cognitivo y la conversión a Demencia de Alzheimer (ADD).

Principales métodos:

  • Se analizaron sesenta y cuatro participantes (Cognitivamente Sanos, Deterioro Cognitivo Leve, ADD).
  • Se midieron los niveles de Aβ42 y p-Tau 181 en LCR utilizando Luminex xMAP.
  • Se realizaron análisis de correlación de Spearman y regresión lineal ajustada para evaluar las relaciones entre los biomarcadores y el rendimiento del DRS.

Principales resultados:

  • Los niveles elevados de p-Tau 181 en LCR se correlacionaron significativamente con un peor rendimiento en las puntuaciones de Memoria y total del DRS (DRST).
  • No se observó una correlación significativa entre el Aβ42 del LCR y el rendimiento del DRS.
  • La relación p-Tau 181/Aβ42 también mostró una correlación negativa significativa con las puntuaciones de Memoria y DRST.

Conclusiones:

  • Los niveles más altos de p-Tau 181 se asocian con una función cognitiva más pobre, particularmente en la memoria, según lo medido por el DRS.
  • Esta asociación persiste incluso después de ajustar por factores sociodemográficos, lo que resalta el potencial de p-Tau 181 como biomarcador predictivo de deterioro cognitivo en la enfermedad de Alzheimer.