彷う心は,不幸な心である
Matthew A Killingsworth1, Daniel T Gilbert
1Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. mkilling@fas.harvard.edu
まとめ
人は,現実に起こっていないことを考えることがよくあり,それはしばしば不幸につながります. この研究では,スマートフォンの技術を使用して,日常の思考,感情,行動を追跡しました.
科学分野:
- 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
- 感情科学とは,感情科学である.
- 人とコンピュータの相互作用です.
背景:
- マインド・ウォーキング,またはタスクとは無関係な思考は,人間の共通の経験です.
- 以前の研究によると,マインド・ウォーキングは,ポジティブとネガティブの両方の結果をもたらす可能性があるという.
- マインド・ウォーレンジングのトリガーと感情的な結果を理解することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 起きていないことと,日常生活で起きていることを考える傾向を調査する.
- 作業とは無関係な思考に従事することによる感情的影響を調べる.
- 主観的な経験のリアルタイムサンプリングのためにスマートフォンテクノロジーを活用する.
主な方法:
- エコロジカル・モメンタリー・アセスメント (EMA) のための新しいスマートフォン・アプリケーションの開発.
- リアルタイムで参加者に,現在の考え,感情,行動を報告するよう促す.
- 自己報告データを分析して,タスクとは無関係な思考の頻度とその気分との関連を定量化します.
主要な成果:
- 参加者は,現在起こっていない出来事について考えることに相当な時間を費やし,現在の活動について考えることと同じくらいの頻度で考えました.
- タスクとは無関係な思考に従事することは,一貫して幸福度の低下と,ネガティブな感情の増大と関連していた.
- スマートフォンベースのEMAは,自発的な思考パターンと感情状態を捉えるための強力な方法を提供しました.
結論:
- 日々の思考内容の大部分は,仮説的または存在しない出来事を含んでいる.
- マインド・ウォーキング,特に現在の活動から切り離された場合,主として主観的な幸福感の低下に関連しています.
- 将来の介入は,気分を改善するために,現在の経験に注意を向けることを目指すことができます.
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