深い赤道的な大西洋大西洋によって強制された年中の大気変動
Peter Brandt1, Andreas Funk, Verena Hormann
1IFM-GEOMAR, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften an der Universität Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany. pbrandt@ifm-geomar.de
Nature
|May 20, 2011
まとめ
深海のゾナルジェットによって引き起こされる,大西洋の深部で新たに発見された4.5年間の気候サイクルが,海面温度,風,降雨に影響を与えています. この発見は,熱帯大西洋の気候予測を向上させることができる.
科学分野:
- 海洋学 海洋学とは
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 気候のダイナミクス
背景:
- 熱帯大西洋の気候の変動は,海洋と大気の相互作用,エルニーニョ/南方振動,北大西洋振動の影響を受けます.
- 既存のモデルは,十年間および年間変動が,2つの結合された海洋-大気モードによって支配されていることを示唆しています.
- 熱帯大西洋の気候に内在する深海ダイナミクスの役割は,あまり理解されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 地域気候パターンに対する深赤道大西洋のダイナミクスの影響を調査する.
- 熱帯大西洋における新しい気候サイクルを特定し,特徴づけること.
- これらの発見を用いて気候予測を改善する可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 深いゾナルのジェットを特定するために,深い海洋学的データの分析.
- 深海から海面へのエネルギー伝播を追跡する.
- 深層ジェット活動と海面温度,風,降雨の異常を相関させる.
主要な成果:
- 大西洋の奥深くで,4.5年周期で垂直交替する深層ゾナルジェットの発見.
- これらのジェットが海面に向上するエネルギー伝播を観測した.
- 地表の異常を赤道流,東大西洋の気温,気象パターンの違いと結びつけている.
結論:
- 赤道的な大西洋の深海のダイナミクスは,重要な4.5年間の気候サイクルを駆動します.
- この周期は海面の温度,風,降雨に影響を与え,地域の気候に影響を与えます.
- 特定された振動的行動は,熱帯大西洋の気候の予測を強化する可能性を秘めています.
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