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関連する概念動画

Preparation of Amides01:29

Preparation of Amides

3.4K
Amides are synthesized by treating carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of dehydrating agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
3.4K
Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis01:22

Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis

2.6K
Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used.
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
2.6K
Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones01:38

Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones

3.2K
Carbonyl compounds and primary amines undergo reductive amination first to produce imines, followed by secondary amines in the same reaction mixture, using selective reducing agents like sodium cyanoborohydride or sodium triacetoxyborohydride. Reductive amination produces different degrees of substitution of amines depending on the starting amine substrate.
3.2K
Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview01:07

Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

1.6K
In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.
1.6K
Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines01:19

Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines

3.0K
Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary...
3.0K
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

2.8K
Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
2.8K

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Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library
13:37

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library

Published on: June 20, 2014

17.8K

アミド結合合成の再考について

Vijaya R Pattabiraman1, Jeffrey W Bode

  • 1Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Nature
|December 24, 2011
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

新しいアミド結合形成反応は,現在の方法の限界に対応しています. これらの新しい化学的アプローチは,医薬品とペプチドを合成するための持続可能で費用対効果の高いソリューションを提供します.

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Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

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Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics

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関連する実験動画

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Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library
13:37

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library

Published on: June 20, 2014

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Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
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科学分野:

  • 有機化学 オーガニック・ケミストリー
  • 薬用化学 薬用化学について
  • 合成化学 合成化学とは

背景:

  • アミド結合の形成は,有機化学,特に医薬品や生物学的活性化合物において極めて重要です.
  • 既存のアミド合成方法は,廃棄物,コスト,効率に関する制限に直面しています.
  • 革新的で持続可能なアミド結合形成反応の必要性が高まっています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 新しい世代のアミド形成反応をレビューし,要約する.
  • 現在の方法の限界に対処する新しい化学的アプローチを強調する.
  • これらの新しい反応の合成における潜在的な応用を探求する.

主な方法:

  • アミド結合形成に関する最近の文献のレビュー.
  • 新しいアミド形成反応の分類と要約.
  • 新しい方法の利点と限界の分析.

主要な成果:

  • 効率と持続可能性が向上したいくつかの新しいアミド形成反応の特定.
  • 触媒性アミド形成の可能性の実証.
  • ペプチドおよびタンパク質合成におけるアプリケーションの探索.

結論:

  • 新しいアミド形成反応は,従来の方法の課題を克服するための有望な解決策を提供します.
  • これらの進歩は,治療用ペプチドや改良されたタンパク質を含む複雑な分子の合成を容易にすることができます.
  • 触媒的および持続可能なアミド結合形成のさらなる開発は,現代の有機合成に不可欠です.