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自律神経の発達は前立腺がんの進行に寄与する
Claire Magnon1, Simon J Hall, Juan Lin
1Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. clairemagnon@free.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 13, 2013
まとめ
前立腺にある神経繊維は,前立腺がんの成長と拡散に影響を与えます. 特定の神経信号を遮断することで,腫瘍の発達が遅くなり,マウスの生存率が向上し,新たな治療目標を示唆した.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 癌生物学 癌生物学について
背景:
- 癌の進行における神経系の役割は,ますます認識されていますが,完全に理解されていません.
- 自律神経は前立腺の微環境に存在しますが,前立腺がんに対するその特定の影響は,ほとんど解明されていないままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 前立腺がんの発症,拡散,患者への影響における交感性および寄交感性神経繊維の役割を調査する.
- 神経とがんの相互作用を標的とした潜在的な治療戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 前立腺がんのマウスモデルを使用し,化学/外科的シンパテクトミーと遺伝子操作 (アドレナージック受容体切除) を採用しました.
- 薬理学的封鎖とマスカリン受容体の遺伝的障害を用いたパラシンパティック神経の関与を調査した.
- ヒト前立腺腺がんのサンプルを遡及的に分析し,神経繊維密度を臨床結果と相関させました.
主要な成果:
- シンパテクトミーとストロマル β2/β3-アドレネルゲン受容体の切除は,マウスモデルにおける早期腫瘍発達の抑制を図った.
- パラシンパティックなコレリン繊維は,がんの拡散を促進し,これはストロマの1型ムスカリニン受容体を阻害することによって弱まりました.
- ヒト前立腺腫瘍における交感性および準交感性神経密度の増加は,より悪い臨床結果と相関していた.
結論:
- 自律神経繊維は前立腺がんの進行と転移を著しく制御する.
- ムスカリニン受容体経由のコレニルギー経路など,特定の神経信号伝達経路をターゲットにすることで,前立腺がんに対する有望な治療法となる.
- 前立腺切除の標本における神経繊維密度は,予後的なバイオマーカーとして機能する可能性があります.
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