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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

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Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
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Chemiosmosis01:32

Chemiosmosis

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Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
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The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

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Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols

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Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
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pH-ユニバーサル水素進化触媒のためのMoS2の活性化

Guoqing Li1, Du Zhang2, Yifei Yu1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 26, 2017
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

プロトンのインターカレーションは,すべてのpHレベルでの水素進化反応 (HER) のモリブデンジスルファイド (MoS2) 触媒性能を著しく高めます. MoS2に対応しています.

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 電気化学
  • カタリシス

背景:

  • モリブデン二酸化物 (MoS2) は,水分裂における水素進化反応 (HER) の主要な触媒である.
  • MoS2は中性およびアルカリ媒介で触媒活性が低下し,実用的な応用を妨げています.
  • 酸素の進化反応は補完的なプロセスであり,しばしばアルカリ的条件を必要とします.

研究 の 目的:

  • 酸性,中性,アルカリ性環境におけるMoS2 HER触媒の強化のための普遍的な戦略を開発する.
  • 陽子インターケレーションのメカニズムとMoS2の触媒活動に対するその効果を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 酸性介質における電気化学的偏極化により,陽子のMoS2へのインターケレーション.
  • 酸性溶液 (例えば,TFSI) に浸透することによって,陽子のMoS2へのインターケレーション.
  • pH値の範囲におけるHERの触媒性能の評価

主要な成果:

  • プロトンのインターケレーションにより,MoS2 HERの触媒活性が著しく増加します.
  • 酸性,中性,およびアルカリ性電解質で活性化が観察される.
  • この改善は,陽子の電気伝導性と水素吸収との相互作用による活性化によるものである.

結論:

  • プロトンインターケレーションは,MoS2 HER触媒を改善するための安定した普遍的な戦略を提供します.
  • この方法は,MoS2触媒のpHに依存する制限を克服する.
  • この発見は,様々な電気化学的条件下で効率的な水分裂触媒の道を開く.