熱帯雨林の断片化の世界的パターン
Franziska Taubert1, Rico Fischer1, Jürgen Groeneveld1,2
1Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Ecological Modelling, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Nature
|February 15, 2018
まとめ
熱帯森林の伐採により 世界中で何百万もの森林の断片が生み出され 森林の大きさは一貫しています 森林再生は 森林の断片化を緩和し 森林の保全への希望を与えます
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 地理空間分析
- 複雑なシステム
背景:
- 熱帯雨林の伐採は 広範囲に及ぶ環境問題です
- 森林の断片化の詳細なマッピングと分析を可能にします.
- これまでの研究で 森林の減少の規模が どの大陸にも 明らかになりました
研究 の 目的:
- 3つの大陸の熱帯雨林の断片の空間的なパターンと特徴を分析する.
- 森林の断片化に関する根本的な原理を調査する.例えば,浸透理論.
- 将来の分散シナリオをモデル化し,緩和戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 大陸全体の森林マッピングのために高解像度の遠隔検知データを利用しました.
- 約1億3千万の森林断片の大きさと周辺分布を分析した.
- 断片化ダイナミクスを理解するために,浸透理論とシミュレーションモデリングの応用原理.
主要な成果:
- 大陸全体で非常に似た パワー・ローのサイズと周りの分布とフラクタル次元を特定しました
- 森林の断片化パターンは 浸透理論の予測と一致し 臨界点に近いことを示唆しています
- シミュレーションモデルによると 森林の断片数は50年間で 33倍に増加する可能性がある
結論:
- 森林の断片化は,特定の森林破壊体制に関係なく,浸透理論によって予測可能な普遍的なスケール法を示しています.
- 森林伐採が続くと 断片数が大幅に増加し 断片サイズが減少すると予想されます
- 森林の断片化による悪影響を軽減するために,森林再生と森林保護の措置が不可欠です.
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