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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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Hepatic Portal System01:21

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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

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慢性B型肝炎ウイルス感染

Wai-Kay Seto1, Ying-Ru Lo2, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky3

  • 1Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
まとめ

B型肝炎ウイルスの感染は世界的な健康リスクですが,ワクチン接種と効果的な治療法により,慢性的な感染と疾患の進行が著しく減少します. 管理の最適化と新しい治療法の開発は2030年までに絶滅の鍵となります

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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科学分野:

  • ヘパトロジー
  • ウイルス学
  • 公衆衛生

背景:

  • B型肝炎ウイルス (HBV) の慢性的な感染は,肝臓に関連する重大な疾患と死亡につながる世界的な健康上の問題です.
  • 感染は出生時に発生するか 人と人との接触を通じて発生し 予防措置の重要性を強調しています
  • HBVのDNA濃度の上昇は,慢性感染者の疾患進行の主な危険因子です.

研究 の 目的:

  • B型肝炎の感染管理の現状を見直す
  • 診断,治療,予防戦略の進歩を強調する.
  • 世界保健機関 (WHO) の 2030 年までに HBV を根絶するという目標の実現可能性を評価する.

主な方法:

  • B型肝炎ウイルスの疫学,病原性,および治療に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
  • 非侵襲性線維症の評価を含む現在の診断とモニタリングツールの分析
  • 核相対抗療法の有効性と安全性の評価
  • 開発中の新しい治療薬の評価

主要な成果:

  • ワクチン接種はHBV感染と慢性感染を予防するのに非常に有効です.
  • 肝臓の合併症を軽減し,安全で効果的なウイルス抑制を提供します.
  • 非侵襲性線維症の評価は 伝統的な方法に加えて 新しく重要なツールです
  • 新しい治療法が開発されつつあり 将来の治療法も用意されています

結論:

  • ワクチン接種,強力な抗ウイルス療法,改善されたケアリンクなどの効果的な管理戦略は,慢性 HBV 感染症の制御に不可欠です.
  • B型肝炎ウイルスを2030年までに世界的な健康脅威として排除するという目標は,継続的な進歩と世界的な努力によって達成可能である.