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北極の森林で冬を過ごす火災

Rebecca C Scholten1, Randi Jandt2, Eric A Miller3

  • 1Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.c.scholten@vu.nl.

Nature
|May 20, 2021
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

森林火災は冬の間燃え続け,春には再び燃え上がります. 北極の森林の冬の火災は 暑い夏と 深い有機土壌の燃焼と関連しており 頻度が高まっています

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科学分野:

  • 森林の生態学
  • 火の科学
  • 気候変動の影響

背景:

  • 森林火災は通常 単一の火災シーズン内に分析されます
  • 冬の間 燃え尽きる火は 春には再び燃え尽きる
  • 深い有機土壌と 気候の温暖化が加速している北極の森林は 冬の間火災を助長するかもしれません

研究 の 目的:

  • 北極の森林における冬期の火災の範囲と影響要因を調査する.
  • 冬を過ごす火事,気候条件,土壌特性の関係を理解する.

主な方法:

  • アラスカとノースウエスト・テリトリーで冬を過ごす火災を検出するアルゴリズムを開発し,適用した.
  • フィールドデータとリモートセンシングデータセットを火災検出と分析のために利用しました.
  • 2002年から2018年の火災データを分析した.

主要な成果:

  • 冬を過ぎる火災は 暑い夏,大火の年,そして有機土壌に深く燃え込むことと 関連しています
  • 冬を過ごすのに有利なこれらの条件は,最近の数十年で増加しています.
  • 冬の火災は全焼面積の0.8% (2002年−2018年) であったが,1年で38%に達した.

結論:

  • 冬季に発生する火災は,北極の森林における重要な現象であり,気候の温暖化と特殊な火災条件に関連しています.
  • これらの火災の空間時間的な予測は,管理機関による早期発見に役立ちます.
  • 冬を過ごす火災を早期に検知することで 炭素排出量と消火コストを削減できます