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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Using bacterial population dynamics to count phages and their lysogens
Traditional assays for counting bacteriophages and their lysogens are labor-intensive and perturbative to the host cells. Here, we present a high-throughput infection method in a microplate reader, where the growth dynamics of the infected culture is measured using the optical density (OD). We find that the OD at which the culture lyses scales linearly with…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Cryo-EM structures of Candida albicans Cdr1 reveal azole-substrate recognition and inhibitor blocking mechanisms
In Candida albicans, Cdr1 pumps azole drugs out of the cells to reduce intracellular accumulation at detrimental concentrations, leading to azole-drug resistance. Milbemycin oxime, a veterinary anti-parasitic drug, strongly and specifically inhibits Cdr1. However, how Cdr1 recognizes and exports azole drugs, and how milbemycin oxime inhibits Cdr1 remain unclear. Here, we report three cryo-EM structures…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Wide-field calcium imaging of cortical activation and functional connectivity in externally- and internally-driven locomotion
The role of the cerebral cortex in self-initiated versus sensory-driven movements is central to understanding volitional action. Whether the differences in these two movement classes are due to specific cortical areas versus more cortex-wide engagement is debated. Using wide-field Ca imaging, we compared neural dynamics during spontaneous and motorized treadmill locomotion, determining the similarities and…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Flexible solid-liquid bi-continuous electrically and thermally conductive nanocomposite for electromagnetic interference shielding and heat dissipation
In the era of 5 G, the rise in power density in miniaturized, flexible electronic devices has created an urgent need for thin, flexible, polymer-based electrically and thermally conductive nanocomposites to address challenges related to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and heat accumulation. However, the difficulties in establishing enduring and continuous transfer pathways for electrons and phonons using…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Human Smc5/6 recognises transcription-generated positive DNA supercoils
Beyond its essential roles in ensuring faithful chromosome segregation and genomic stability, the human Smc5/6 complex acts as an antiviral factor. It binds to and impedes the transcription of extrachromosomal DNA templates; an ability which is lost upon integration of the DNA into the chromosome. How the complex distinguishes among different DNA templates is unknown.…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Divergent mechanisms of steroid inhibition in the human ρ1 GABA(A) receptor
ρ-type γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA) receptors are widely distributed in the retina and brain, and are potential drug targets for the treatment of visual, sleep and cognitive disorders. Endogenous neuroactive steroids including β-estradiol and pregnenolone sulfate negatively modulate the function of ρ1 GABA receptors, but their inhibitory mechanisms are not clear. By combining five cryo-EM structures…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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The scaffolding function of LSD1 controls DNA methylation in mouse ESCs
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1), which demethylates mono- or di- methylated histone H3 on lysine 4 (H3K4me1/2), is essential for early embryogenesis and development. Here we show that LSD1 is dispensable for mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal but is required for mouse ESC growth and differentiation. Reintroduction of a catalytically-impaired LSD1 (LSD1) recovers the…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Hyperscanning shows friends explore and strangers converge in conversation
During conversation, people often endeavor to convey information in an understandable way (finding common ground) while also sharing novel or surprising information (exploring new ground). Here, we test how friends and strangers balance these two strategies to connect with each other. Using fMRI hyperscanning, we measure a preference for common ground as convergence over time…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Automatic ploidy prediction and quality assessment of human blastocysts using time-lapse imaging
Assessing fertilized human embryos is crucial for in vitro fertilization, a task being revolutionized by artificial intelligence. Existing models used for embryo quality assessment and ploidy detection could be significantly improved by effectively utilizing time-lapse imaging to identify critical developmental time points for maximizing prediction accuracy. Addressing this, we develop and compare various embryo ploidy…
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rabindra.tharu.np@gmail.com
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Spatial transcriptomics defines injury specific microenvironments and cellular interactions in kidney regeneration and disease
Kidney injury disrupts the intricate renal architecture and triggers limited regeneration, together with injury-invoked inflammation and fibrosis. Deciphering the molecular pathways and cellular interactions driving these processes is challenging due to the complex tissue structure. Here, we apply single cell spatial transcriptomics to examine ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse kidney. Spatial transcriptomics reveals injury-specific and…
