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相关概念视频

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Protein Modifications in the RER01:26

Protein Modifications in the RER

Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal sequences.
Drug Metabolism: Phase II Reactions01:14

Drug Metabolism: Phase II Reactions

Phase II reactions are essential for the detoxification and elimination of drugs from the body. These reactions involve the conjugation of parent drugs or their phase I metabolites with endogenous molecules, resulting in more hydrophilic drug conjugates. The primary conjugation reactions in this phase are sulfation and glucuronidation. Both sulfation and glucuronidation typically produce biologically inactive metabolites. However, in some cases involving prodrugs, active metabolites may be...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Phase II Reactions: Miscellaneous Conjugation Reactions01:19

Phase II Reactions: Miscellaneous Conjugation Reactions

Phase II biotransformations are detoxification mechanisms that conjugate xenobiotics with endogenous substances, neutralizing their toxicity.
A key example involves the conjugation of cyanide ions, which impair cellular respiration and alter hemoglobin into non-oxygen-carrying cyanmethemoglobin. To neutralize this threat, a sulfur atom from thiosulphate is transferred to the cyanide ion, catalyzed by the enzyme rhodanese, resulting in an inactive compound called thiocyanate. The production of...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

在系统修饰的Ru (II) -Os (II) 寡核酸中发生的供体/接受体相互作用.

Dennis J Hurley1, Yitzhak Tor

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 31, 2002
PubMed
概括

在DNA复合体中使用 (II) 和 (II) 核化物研究了捐赠者/接受者相互作用. 分析了能量转移机制,揭示了Förster双极-双极转移是主导的,在短距离上有潜在的Dexter机制贡献.

科学领域:

  • 光化学和光物理学
  • 超分子化学 超分子化学
  • 生物物理化学 生物物理化学

背景情况:

  • 在能量转移过程中,捐赠者/接受者 (D/A) 相互作用至关重要.
  • 由于其定义的结构,DNA复合体为研究分子相互作用提供了一个多功能支架.
  • 了解DNA中的能量传输机制对于开发新型分子设备和探测器至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究修改后的DNA复合体中的供体/接受体 (D/A) 相互作用.
  • 在DNA桥接系统中阐明主导的能量转移机制 (Förster vs. Dexter).
  • 分析链接器刚度对能量转移动态的影响.

主要方法:

  • 在不同距离上合成19-默尔DNA复合体与乙烯基结合的Ru(II) 供体和Os(II) 接受体核酸.
  • 稳态和时间分辨率的发光光谱测量灭和兴奋状态的寿命.
  • 使用Förster和Dexter机制分析能量转移,包括考虑方向因子.

主要成果:

  • 随着供体和受体 (16 Å 到 61 Å) 的分离越来越大,Ru(II) 的发光灭率下降.
  • 激发状态寿命与火效率呈现出线性相关性.
  • 分析表明Förster双极-双极能量转移是主要的机制,其中偏差可能是由于方向因素造成的.

更多相关视频

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
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Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
10:39

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Published on: August 23, 2018

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
10:39

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Published on: August 23, 2018

  • 用灵活的链接器取代刚性链接器,改善了Förster机制的相关性.
  • 令人惊的是,德克斯特机制分析也显示出良好的相关性,突出了解释D/A相互作用的复杂性.

    • 结论:

    • 双极-双极能量转移是这些DNA复杂体中D/A相互作用的主要途径.
    • 德克斯特电子交换机制的微小贡献可能发生在短距离.
    • 该研究强调了福斯特系统可能表现出类似德克斯特的行为,并警告过于简单的DNA桥梁二模型.