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相关概念视频

Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Using High-throughput SHAPE
13:42

RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Using High-throughput SHAPE

Published on: May 31, 2013

模板独立RNA聚合的结构基础.

Kozo Tomita1, Shuya Fukai, Ryuichiro Ishitani

  • 1Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaragi 305-8666, Japan.

Nature
|August 6, 2004
PubMed
概括

添加CCA的酶用一种新的方法合成了必要的3'终端转移RNA序列.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 转移RNA (tRNA) 的3'-终端CCA序列对于蛋白质合成至关重要.
  • 一个模板独立的RNA聚合酶,CCA添加酶,使用CTP和ATP合成了这一序列.
  • 模板独立CCA合成的机制仍然不太了解.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明由CCA添加酶对模板独立RNA聚合的机制.
  • 为核酸选择和添加提供结构性见解.
  • 要了解酶如何在没有核酸模板的情况下实现序列特异性.

主要方法:

  • 艾奎菲克斯 (Aquifex aeolicus) 的CCA添加酶的X射线晶体学.
  • 与一个原始tRNA和一个ATP模拟物共同结晶.
  • 位点定向的突变发生和生物化学分析.

主要成果:

  • CCA添加酶结合tRNA和ATP类似物的晶体结构,分辨率为2.8 Å.
  • 酶的催化口袋形成了一个"蛋白质模板",可以识别tRNA的C74-C75.
  • 结构揭示了核酸选择的"预插入"阶段.
  • 突变性研究支持拟议的机制.

更多相关视频

Comparative RNA Structure Analysis of Nascent and Mature Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Comparative RNA Structure Analysis of Nascent and Mature Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters
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Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters

Published on: May 29, 2026

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Using High-throughput SHAPE
13:42

RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Using High-throughput SHAPE

Published on: May 31, 2013

Comparative RNA Structure Analysis of Nascent and Mature Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
09:12

Comparative RNA Structure Analysis of Nascent and Mature Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: February 27, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters
10:52

Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters

Published on: May 29, 2026

结论:

  • 添加CCA的酶使用蛋白质模板来指导3'-终端CCA序列的合成.
  • 这项结构研究为模板独立RNA聚合提供了机制基础.
  • 这些发现提供了对tRNA成熟和蛋白质合成的见解.