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相关概念视频

Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
09:16

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

Published on: May 3, 2014

在tRNA裂纹上进行压力.

Debrah M Thompson1, Roy Parker

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Cell
|July 28, 2009
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

细胞压力会激活通常隐藏的核糖核酶,从而分裂转移RNA (tRNA). 这种保存的应激反应会影响翻译,细胞死亡和疾病进展.

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Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA
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Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
09:16

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

Published on: May 3, 2014

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA
08:17

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA

Published on: July 9, 2021

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers
06:59

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Published on: August 20, 2014

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 细胞压力会触发影响细胞功能的保存反应.
  • 转移RNA (tRNA) 对于蛋白质合成至关重要.
  • 特定的核糖核酶参与tRNA处理和调节.

研究的目的:

  • 研究核糖核酶在细胞应激反应中的作用.
  • 了解压力期间细胞质tRNA的内核分解裂变机制.
  • 探索这个过程在翻译,亡和疾病中的含义.

主要方法:

  • 保存应激反应通路的分析.
  • 生物化学分析检测核糖酶活性.
  • 在各种压力条件下对tRNA分裂的研究.
  • 研究特定核糖核酶的局部化和激活.

主要成果:

  • 保守的应激反应涉及细胞质tRNAs的内核分解裂变.
  • 这种裂变是由通常分泌或隔离的核糖酶调解的.
  • 这些核糖核酶的激活或释放是应激反应中的关键事件.

结论:

  • 核糖核酶介导的tRNA裂变是一种显著的细胞应激反应.
  • 这种机制对理解翻译监管有潜在的影响.
  • 这些发现表明它在亡,癌症和疾病进展中起着作用.