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相关概念视频

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Ink4/Arf位点是iPS细胞重编程的障碍.

Han Li1, Manuel Collado, Aranzazu Villasante

  • 1Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 3 Melchor Fernandez Almagro Street, Madrid E-28029, Spain.

Nature
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
概括

沉默Ink4/Arf位点对于诱导多能干细胞 (iPS) 产生至关重要. 暂时抑制这个位点显著提高了重编程效率和动力学,为iPS细胞生产提供了一个关键策略.

科学领域:

  • 细胞重新编程的细胞重编程.
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 诱导多能干细胞 (iPS) 产生机制涉及Oct4,Klf4和Sox2尚未完全理解.
  • 在分化细胞中,编码瘤抑制剂p16 (Ink4a),p19 (Arf) 和p15 (Ink4b) 的Ink4/Arf位点被上调.
  • 这个位点在重新编程效率方面的作用是研究的一个关键领域.

研究的目的:

  • 研究Ink4/Arf位点在将分化细胞重新编程成iPS细胞中的作用.
  • 确定是否沉默Ink4/Arf位点对于高效的iPS细胞生成至关重要.
  • 通过准Ink4/Arf位点来探索增强iPS细胞生产的治疗策略.

主要方法:

  • 在iPS细胞和胚胎干细胞 (ES) 中对Ink4/Arf位子沉默的分析.
  • 在各种细胞培养条件下的重编程过程中,评估Ink4/Arf位置表达.
  • 基因和shRNA介导的Ink4/Arf位置的抑制,以评估重编程效率.
  • 在小鼠和人类细胞中对Ink4/Arf位功能进行比较分析.
  • 研究老细胞中的Ink4/Arf位调节及其对重编程的影响.

主要成果:

更多相关视频

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
08:25

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Published on: April 3, 2012

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor
07:28

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

Published on: February 1, 2015

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
08:25

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Published on: April 3, 2012

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor
07:28

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

Published on: February 1, 2015

  • 在iPS和ES细胞中,Ink4/Arf位点被完全静止,从而获得双价色色素标记.
  • 重编程条件增强了Ink4/Arf的表达,需要将其静音化以实现高效的iPS细胞生成.
  • Oct4,Klf4和Sox2的合作作用抑制了Ink4/Arf位点,与茎状标记物相关联.
  • 对Ink4/Arf的遗传抑制显著提高了iPS细胞生成动力学和殖民地数量.
  • 在小鼠细胞中,Arf是主要的屏障 (通过p53/p21),而INK4a在人类纤维细胞中更为关键.
  • 与年龄相关的Ink4/Arf的上调会降低重编程效率,由局部抑制来挽救.

结论:

  • 在iPS细胞重编程中,Ink4/Arf局部静音是一种速度限制的步骤.
  • 暂时抑制Ink4/Arf位点是改善iPS细胞生成的有希望的策略.
  • 了解Ink4/Arf调节提供了关于细胞可塑性和衰老的见解.
  • 准Ink4/Arf为再生医学应用提供了潜在的治疗途径.