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相关概念视频

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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加速到多能性的速度.

Josh G Chenoweth1, Ronald D McKay1

  • 1Lieber Institute for Brain Development, 855 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员发现了一种表现出超快速细胞循环的新型细胞类型. 这个细胞,这个细胞.

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 发育生物学是发展生物学.
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.

背景情况:

  • 没有基因操纵的非静态细胞重编程仍然是一个重大挑战.
  • 了解快速和同步的细胞命运决定的机制至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 识别和描述一种能够进行非遗传性,快速重编程的细胞类型.
  • 为了研究具有超快速细胞循环的细胞的特性.

主要方法:

  • 细胞周期分析分析
  • 高分辨率成像成像技术
  • 后代分析是如何分析后代的.

主要成果:

  • 通过超快的细胞周期定义的细胞的识别.
  • 证明这种细胞的后代能够以同步和快速的方式重编程.
  • 独特的细胞周期动态的特征.

结论:

  • 已经确定了一种具有独特重编程特性的新型细胞类型.
  • 超快的细胞周期是观察到同步和快速重编程的关键.
  • 这一发现为了解细胞命运决定开辟了新的途径.