相关实验视频
Updated: Mar 9, 2026

11:53
Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
Published on: September 8, 2012
28.1K
来自未培养微生物的新CRISPR-Cas系统
David Burstein1, Lucas B Harrington2, Steven C Strutt2
1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Nature
|December 23, 2016
概括
研究人员通过分析未培养的微生物,发现了新的CRISPR-Cas系统,包括古老的Cas9和紧的细菌CasX/CasY. 这扩大了革命性的生物和临床研究应用的工具包.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 分子生物学
- 生物技术
背景情况:
- CRISPR-Cas系统通过DNA引导的蛋白质分裂赋予微生物适应性免疫力.
- 2类CRISPR-Cas系统使用单个RNA结合的Cas蛋白来识别和分裂目标.
- 目前的CRISPR技术主要使用细菌系统,许多未培养的生物酶未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 使用基因组学探索未培养生物的遗传物质,以发现新的CRISPR-Cas系统.
- 识别新的CRISPR-Cas变体,包括古老的Cas9和紧的细菌系统.
- 在体内验证新发现系统的功能.
主要方法:
- 用基因组解析的基因组学来分析自然微生物群落的DNA.
- 用生物信息分析来识别被测序基因组中的CRISPR- Cas系统.
- 在大肠杆菌中进行了体内实验,以验证RNA引导的DNA干扰活性.
主要成果:
- 识别了新型CRISPR-Cas系统,包括纳米古生物中的第一个Cas9.
- 发现了两个紧的细菌系统,CRISPR-CasX和CRISPR-CasY.
- 成功验证已确定的系统的体内RNA导向DNA干扰.
结论:
- 转基因组学提供了各种各样的未培养的微生物基因组及其CRISPR-Cas系统.
- 新的CRISPR-Cas系统的发现扩大了生物和临床研究的工具库.
- 这项工作突显了探索环境微生物群落的潜力,
相关概念视频
CRISPR and crRNAs
19.4K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
19.4K
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing
2.3K
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
2.3K
CRISPR
58.5K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
58.5K
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR
857
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
857
Homologous Recombination
64.8K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
64.8K

